Area of Practices in Consumer Law

Consumer Law – Chansoriya Law Chambers

Consumer law in India is designed to protect the rights of individuals against unfair trade practices, defective goods, and deficient services. With the enactment of the Consumer Protection Act, 2019, the legal framework has been modernized to address traditional consumer grievances as well as disputes arising from e-commerce and digital platforms. Consumer law not only provides remedies to individuals but also strengthens accountability for manufacturers, service providers, and businesses.

Scope of Consumer Disputes

Consumer disputes cover a wide range of issues, including:
Defective Goods: Faulty electronics, vehicles, or household products.
Deficient Services: Poor services from banks, insurance companies, healthcare institutions, travel agencies, or telecom operators.
E-commerce Transactions: Non-delivery, counterfeit products, and misleading advertisements on online platforms.
Real Estate and Housing: Delays in possession of flats, hidden charges, and false promises by builders.
Unfair Trade Practices: False labeling, misleading advertising, or charging higher than the printed MRP.
These matters are adjudicated before Consumer Commissions at the District, State, and National levels, depending on the value of the claim.

Consumer Protection Act, 2019

The 2019 Act has expanded the rights of consumers by: Establishing the Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA) to regulate unfair practices. Introducing product liability provisions, making manufacturers and sellers responsible for defective products. Allowing consumers to file complaints electronically and in jurisdictions where they reside, simplifying access to justice. Bringing e-commerce platforms within its scope, ensuring online buyers are equally protected.

Current Trends in Consumer Litigation

E-commerce and Digital Services: With rapid growth in online shopping, disputes relating to defective goods, delayed deliveries, and fraudulent sellers are on the rise. Healthcare and Insurance: Medical negligence and denial of insurance claims are among the most litigated consumer matters. Real Estate Disputes: Builders failing to deliver possession on time has become one of the biggest sources of consumer complaints. Financial Services: Cases involving banks, NBFCs, and fintech companies are increasing due to unauthorized transactions and hidden charges.

Remedies Available to Consumers

Consumer Commissions have the power to: Order refunds or replacements. Direct payment of compensation for loss or injury. Impose penalties on misleading advertisements.

Grant punitive damages in cases of deliberate unfair practices.

These remedies provide both corrective and deterrent value in consumer law enforcement.

Representation Before Forums

While the Consumer Protection Act promotes simple procedures, representation before District Commissions, State Commissions, and the National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (NCDRC) ensures that claims are effectively drafted, supported with evidence, and pursued within timelines.

Why Awareness Matters

Every individual is a consumer in some capacity, making consumer law one of the most relevant legal areas in everyday life. Lack of awareness about rights often leads to exploitation, financial loss, and frustration. Knowing how to file a complaint, what evidence to collect, and what remedies are available can empower consumers to protect themselves effectively.